Light-curing resin composites were introduced to restorative dentistry in 1969. The earliest light-cured materials were photopolymerized with ultraviolet light-polymerizing devices. This use of light curing ushered in an era of command set. When the light irradiated the restorative material, it initiated the setting-photopolymerization reaction of composite resins. The use of light curing paralleled the introduction of adhesive bonding of composites to enamel. These early curing lights had limited depth of cure due to the shorter wavelengths (10 nm to 380 nm) of UV radiation energy. In the mid-to-late 1970s, UV light-curing devices were phased out and replaced with visible light-curing devices using quartz-halogen bulbs (QTH) to light cure restorative materials that used photosensitive chemistries in the 460 nm to 480 nm wavelength, typically camphorquinone (CQ) for polymerization of composites.5 The longer wavelengths of this visible light spectrum allowed for a more penetrating curing light and light energy. This increased energy of photopolymerization introduced an era of improved physical properties with resin-based composites that were set by exposure to relatively safe, high-intensity light sources.
In the 1990s, there were significant improvements in best dental curing light devices. QTH devices had improvements that increased the energy to at least 6,000 mW/cm2, and in some cases using specialized turbo tips, more than 1,300 mW/cm2.2,6 At the same time, high-intensity light sources (a fluorescent bulb containing plasma) for resin-based composite curing and plasma-arc curing (PAC) with an irradiance range of 400 nm to 500 nm were introduced.6 A comparison of QTH- and PAC-cured composite resins demonstrated variation based on the composites and individual lights for different physical properties, but no one light type performed better than another.
A significant change in how resin-based composites were light cured occurred in the late 1990s, with the introduction of light-emitting diodes (LED) that provided light in the blue-visible spectrum with a range of 450 nm to 490 nm.8 Currently, the latest generation of LED curing devices provide consistent energy outputs of greater than 1,000 mW/cm2.2,9,10 The benefits of the latest generation of LED curing lights can include: higher, consistent light-energy output through emitter life; lightweight cordless features with rechargeable batteries; heat sink or quieter cooling fan; broader light spectrum with multiple LEDs for photopolymerization of resin-based composites with both CQ and other photoinitiators; and more useful light transmitted in ranges because of wavelength-specific emitters.
- See more at:http://www.oyodental.com/best-Dental-Curing-Light-for-sale.html
Wednesday, March 23, 2016
Friday, March 4, 2016
What are the factors that influence dental whitening process?
A primary reason results vary significantly is because many factors
influence the whitening process. Some of these factors are controllable;
some are not. And they may vary from system to system and person to
person. Therefore, it is difficult to make claims that will satisfy the
conditions of all those wanting a whiter smile. Primary factors include:
Color to start with – it is documented that those with more of a yellowish hue have greater response to whitening than those who have more gray or brown. Intrinsic gray discoloration is commonly seen in exposure to different types of medications. The most widely known is the antibiotic, tetracycline. Brown is often seen with excessive intake of fluoride, referred to as fluorosis. Fluorosis may also create a mottling or blotchy look to the enamel and make it equally difficult to achieve optimum results.
Unique and inherent whitening potential – it is believed that we each have a level at which our teeth cannot whiten any more.
Clean teeth – it is advised to have your teeth professionally cleaned to remove all deposits, as well as surface stain that may interfere with the whitening agent being in direct contact with the tooth.
Percentage of whitening agent – meaning the higher the concentration, the faster the results. However, the higher concentration can also result in a greater risk of sensitivity. Therefore, the percentage of whitening agent should be determined based on: how sensitive your teeth are to begin with; if you have any root surfaces exposed; the delivery system you choose and over what period you want results. In-store or over-the-counter systems have a much lower whitening agent percentage, so it takes a little longer and may require more frequent touch-up. In-office systems provide a higher percentage, the alternative of using carbamide peroxide (teeth whitening machine for sale) and a more controlled application.
Duration of time – the whitening agent is in direct contact with the tooth surface. This is delivery-system sensitive as well. And it is related to the ratio agent. Each system requires a different timeline and should be followed accordingly. The key is to maintain direct contact with the entire tooth to provide even and precise whitening results.
Compliance – is easy when you choose a system based on your needs and concerns; when you use the system as directed and when you minimize risks. It is recommended to use an agent within neutral pH range. This is safer for the enamel and reduces sensitivity. Additionally, pay attention to all the factors that influence whitening and consult a dental professional with any concerns.
Oral habits – can play a major role in the whitening process. Before any application, it is a good idea to thoroughly brush and floss plaque, stain and food debris from the surfaces of the teeth. Maintaining good oral hygiene will keep your smile looking brighter longer.
Avoid – foods and drinks dark in color or that are acidic (tea, coffee, sodas, wine, grape juice, chocolate, orange juice), smoking and chewing tobacco. Beware of oral home care products that contain alcohol and dyes/colors or may be high in abrasion or acidity.
See more:
http://www.oyodental.com/blog/2016/03/04/what-are-the-factors-that-influence-dental-whitening-process/
Color to start with – it is documented that those with more of a yellowish hue have greater response to whitening than those who have more gray or brown. Intrinsic gray discoloration is commonly seen in exposure to different types of medications. The most widely known is the antibiotic, tetracycline. Brown is often seen with excessive intake of fluoride, referred to as fluorosis. Fluorosis may also create a mottling or blotchy look to the enamel and make it equally difficult to achieve optimum results.
Unique and inherent whitening potential – it is believed that we each have a level at which our teeth cannot whiten any more.
Clean teeth – it is advised to have your teeth professionally cleaned to remove all deposits, as well as surface stain that may interfere with the whitening agent being in direct contact with the tooth.
Percentage of whitening agent – meaning the higher the concentration, the faster the results. However, the higher concentration can also result in a greater risk of sensitivity. Therefore, the percentage of whitening agent should be determined based on: how sensitive your teeth are to begin with; if you have any root surfaces exposed; the delivery system you choose and over what period you want results. In-store or over-the-counter systems have a much lower whitening agent percentage, so it takes a little longer and may require more frequent touch-up. In-office systems provide a higher percentage, the alternative of using carbamide peroxide (teeth whitening machine for sale) and a more controlled application.
Duration of time – the whitening agent is in direct contact with the tooth surface. This is delivery-system sensitive as well. And it is related to the ratio agent. Each system requires a different timeline and should be followed accordingly. The key is to maintain direct contact with the entire tooth to provide even and precise whitening results.
Compliance – is easy when you choose a system based on your needs and concerns; when you use the system as directed and when you minimize risks. It is recommended to use an agent within neutral pH range. This is safer for the enamel and reduces sensitivity. Additionally, pay attention to all the factors that influence whitening and consult a dental professional with any concerns.
Oral habits – can play a major role in the whitening process. Before any application, it is a good idea to thoroughly brush and floss plaque, stain and food debris from the surfaces of the teeth. Maintaining good oral hygiene will keep your smile looking brighter longer.
Avoid – foods and drinks dark in color or that are acidic (tea, coffee, sodas, wine, grape juice, chocolate, orange juice), smoking and chewing tobacco. Beware of oral home care products that contain alcohol and dyes/colors or may be high in abrasion or acidity.
See more:
http://www.oyodental.com/blog/2016/03/04/what-are-the-factors-that-influence-dental-whitening-process/
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